Machiavelli's secularism

Every thinker is the child of his time, this statement suits most in the case of Machiavelli. Lasky called Machiavelli the child of a renaissance. During this time church was the most corrupt institution and also Italy was the seat of the Roman church. Machiavelli is the realist. He is considered the father of western secularism. He was the first person who could dare to suggest that politics and ethics are two different domains. He was the first person to establish the autonomy of politics from ethics or religion. He defines politics as statecraft which is the management of power. He considers religion as a matter of personal domain.

Machiavelli was neither immoral nor anti-religious. He considers that political actions cannot be guided from the yardstick of religion. The yardstick of politics is national interest. He was against the interference of the church in politics and not the use of religion by a prince.

Distributive Justice. Comment

 The entire Greek philosophy revolves around the importance of justice. It is an abstract idea, and it is difficult to define it in fixed terms. As it is seen differently by different thinkers. Aristotle regards justice as a virtue but it is more than a virtue. It is virtue in action. In Aristotle's classification of justice, a subcategory of particular justice is distributive justice.

According to Aristotle, this form of justice is the most powerful law to prevent any revolution. As this justice belief in the proper and proportionate distribution of resources like office, post, honour as per their requirement is a citizen of a state. The distribution of goods and wealth is merit-based. Aristotle does not believe in the democratic or oligarchic methods of justice only those citizens will receive who contribute to the highest level in support of the state. Because the virtuous people are few. Most of the offices will be given to those few only.